Macam macam text dalam Bahasa Inggris

Theere are 5 text in English. It is easy to distinguish, but maybe if you are a beginner it is hard. But I know you can. So

1. Descriptive text

Descriptive mean 'Mendeskripsikan' or 'Menggambarkan'.
Descriptive text adalah teks yang menggambarkan seseorang atau suatu benda ataupun tempat tertentu sehingga pembaca dapat membayangkan seolah olah itu benar benar nyata.

Generic Structure :
- Identification or 'Identifikasi'
- Description or 'Deskrpsi'

 Characteristic features :
- The text use Simple Present Tense
- The text use Is, Am, Are
- The text just focus on one thing

Function :
To describe something or someone

The example of descriptive text

The National Monument (or Monument Nasional) is a 132 meters tower in the center of Merdeka Square, Central Jakarta. It symbolizes the fight for Indonesia’s independence. The monument consist of a 117,7 m obelisk on a 45 m square platform at a height of 17 m.

The towering monument symbolizes the philosophy of Lingga and Yoni. Lingga resembles, rice pestle (alu) and Yoni resembles a mortar rice (lesung), two important items in Indonesian agricultural tradition.

The construction began in 1961 under the direction of President Soekarno and the monument was opened to the public in 1975. It is topped by a flame covered with gold foil. The monument and museum is opened daily from 08.00 – 15.00 every day throughout the week, except for the last Monday of the month the monument is closed.

 

2. Narrative text

 Narrative means story or 'cerita'

Narrative text adalah teks yang berbentuk cerita yang mengikuti alur. So, narrative text is kind of story, usually in quiz narrative is a fiction story. Such as Cinderella, Snow white, etc.

 

 Characteristic features :

- There is a conflict or a problem in the text

- And there is a resolution

 

Generic Structure :

 

- There is a background (Time, place, character)

- There is conflict

- Resolution

- Coda

Function :

- To entertain the reader

Example of narrative text

 

(Orientation)
Once upon a time there lived a little girl named Snow White. She lived with her Aunt and Uncle because her parents were dead. 

(Complication)
One day she heard her Uncle and Aunt talking about leaving Snow White in the castle because they both wanted to go to America and they didn’t have enough money to take Snow White.
 
Snow White did not want her Uncle and Aunt to do this so she decided it would be best if she ran away. The next morning she ran away from home when her Aunt and Uncle were having breakfast. She ran away into the woods.

(Resolution) 
Then she saw this little cottage. She knocked but no one answered so she went inside and fell asleep.

Meanwhile, the seven dwarfs were coming home from work. They went inside. There they found Snow White sleeping. Then Snow White woke up. She saw the dwarfs. The dwarfs said, “what is your name?” Snow White said, “My name is Snow White.”
  Doc, one of the dwarfs, said, “If you wish, you may live here with us.” Snow White said, “Oh could I? Thank you.” Then Snow White told the dwarfs the whole story and finally Snow White and the 7 dwarfs lived happily ever after.

3. Procedure text

Procedure text is a text that explain to do or make something. Usually it start with "How To bla bla" Like that.

 

Generic Structure : 

- Goal/Aim 'Tujuan'

- Materials/Tools

- Steps/Method

 

Function : 

To tell someone to make something or do something

 

Example of Procedure text 

 

HOW TO MAKE A CUP OF COFFEE

MATERIALS  AND INGEDIENTS :

 - 2 spoons of sugar

 - one spoon of coffee powder

 - hot water

 - a cup
 - a spoon

PROCEDURE :
1.  Prepare two spoons of sugar, a cup, hot water, one spoon of coffee powder, a spoon.
2. Put one spoon of coffee powder into the cup.
3. Pour some hot water into the cup.
4. Add 2 spoons of sugar into a cup of coffee
5. Stir it well and the hot coffee is ready to drink

4. Recount text

Recount means Re tell. So, recount text adalah menceritakan kembali kejadian yang telah terjadi secara berurutan menggunakan keterangan waktu yang jelas pada masa lampau. So it's re tell your experience.

 

Generic Structure : 

- Orientation

- Event

- Re-Orientation

 

Function : 

- To tell your experience

 

Example of Recount text :

 

Our trip to the Blue Mountain

Orientation

On Friday we went to the Blue Mountains. We stayed at David and Della’s house. It has a big garden with lots of colourful flowers and a tennis court.

(Pada hari jumat kami pergi ke Blue Mountains. Kami menginap di rumah David dan Della. Rumah tersebut mempunyai sebuah taman yang besar dengan banyak bunga warna warni dan sebuah lapangan tenis.)

Events

On Saturday we saw the Three Sisters and went on the scenic railway. It was scary. Then, Mummy and I went shopping with Della. We went to some antique shops and I tried on some old hats. On Sunday we went on the Scenic Skyway and it rocked. We saw cockatoos having a shower.

(Pada hari sabtu kami melihat Three Sister dan pergi ke pemandangan jalan kereta api yang indah. Sangat menakutkan. Kemudian ibu dan saya pergi berbelanja dengan Della. Kita pergi ke toko-toko antik dan mencoba mendapatkan beberapa topi tua. Pada hari minggu kami pergi ke pemandangan Skyway dan berbatu. Kami melihat burung kakatua sedang mandi.)

Reorientation
In the afternoon we went home. That was very pleasent moment with my family that I ever got.

(Di sore hari kami pulang ke rumah. Itu merupakan momen paling menyenangkan bersama keluarga yang saya pernah dapatkan. )
 

5. Report text 

 

Exactly, Report text is similar to Descriptive text but there is something different. Report text is not as detailed as descriptive.

 

Generic structure : 

- General classification

- Description

 

Function : 

To give information

 

Example of Report text : 

 

Cherry Blossom

     

        Cherry blossom is one kind of beautiful flower in the world. It can be seen anywhere in Japan. The most views to see cherry blossom are in Tokyo, Osaka, Nara, Gifu and Hyogo. But now, we can find it in several places in Indonesia. Cherry blossom only blooms in spring season. They always bloom on March and fall out on April. 

     Many people in Japan believe if cherry blossom is symbol of woman and lack eternity of life.This flower has pink color. But actually, this flower has many colors.There are white, yellow, green and red. This flower has five small calyxes. Cherry blossom can grow until seven or eight meters. It has big and dark stem with many branches. The smell of this flower is very soft and fresh, so it can make us relax.

       Characteristic of this plant is the flowers grow earlier than the leaves. And the flowers grow in significant amounts. Because of that we always conclude that cherry blossom doesn't have leaves.The flowers always bloom and fall together with another one. It can only survive for seven until ten days. Fall out of this flower depends on the weather and the speed of the wind. 

       There's animal that really like to eat this plant, it is Pigeon. Pigeon really likes it because the taste of this flower is sweet. Based on it's name, cherry blossom can produces cherry. The color of this cherry is as same as general cherry but the size is smaller than usual. Beside that, the taste of this cherry is not good enough. So people not consume this cherry. We can only feel it's beauty with have lunch and drink “sake” under it.